Geography hemisphere半球; equator赤道; meridian经线; parallel纬线; latitude纬度; longitude经度; time zone时区; altitude海拔; horizon地平线; sea level海平面; plain平原; plateau/highland高原/高地; lowland低地; basin盆地; slope坡地; cavern洞穴; valley山谷/溪谷; canyon峡谷; rift裂谷; channel/strait海峡; continental shelf大陆架; mountain ranges山脉; river bed河床; ocean bottom海床; archipelago群岛; peninsular半岛; coral/volcanic island珊瑚/火山岛。